Kai-Fu Lee: AI will “eliminate” intermediary or assistant jobs in the future
always felt likerobotIt may take away the jobs of human beings, or even control human beings, and eventually take over the planet. It is just the self-entertainment of sci-fi fans. It is still far from reality, but it failed in the man-machine war between Go master Li Shishi and AlphaGo; The artificial intelligence developed in Japan can write novels and participate in creative competitions. After the news has been continuously exposed, such as the preliminary competition, many talents realize what it means for artificial intelligence to approach.
Recently, at the “Artificial Intelligence Era, Detonate the New Ecology of Human-Machine Symbiosis”, Jerry Kaplan, professor of artificial intelligence and ethics at Stanford University, author of the best-selling book “Artificial Intelligence Era”, Kaifu Lee, founder and CEO of Innovation Works, Wu Gansha, co-founder and CEO of Uisee Technology, and Chen Jin, a professor at Tsinghua University, discussed the hot topics of the “Artificial Intelligence Era” that people are concerned about.
Unemployment will be humanity’s greatest challenge
In most people’s minds, artificial intelligence is very smart, smart enough to possibly take away human jobs, or even control human beings, and eventually take over the planet.There is also a view that artificial intelligence is regarded as a slave of human beings. However, Jerry Kaplan does not fully agree with these views. He believes that artificial intelligence is the continuous workflow of human life.automationa continuation of .
An AlphaGo man-machine Go battle seems to have ushered the world into the first year of artificial intelligence. Many people are discussing and even worrying: Will we human beings be destroyed? Is it like in science fiction that the robot will have consciousness, it can protect itself, and therefore it will harm humans. Kai-Fu Lee felt that this was just an assumption, it might or might not happen. We do not have enough scientific theory today to make an objective, definitive judgment.
In his view, today’s artificial intelligence, no matter how intelligent, is still a human tool. “Because it was under our control and guidance, we learned to play Go. An opportunity and challenge we face today is whether we can control such a tool well, rather than fear that it will become ours tomorrow. Owner.”
Kai-Fu Lee believes that instead of considering whether artificial intelligence will enslave human beings in the future, it is better to consider whether artificial intelligence will lead to the unemployment of a large number of people in the next 10-15 years. Although the development of artificial intelligence will also promote the creation of new jobs, the jobs created are definitely far less than the jobs lost, so it is a big challenge for human beings.
He made a bold hypothesis: In the future, jobs with the word “intermediary” or “assistant” will be eliminated first. Many repetitive, data-based, objective, measurable, and calculated things will basically be replaced. In 10 to 15 years, the vast majority of jobs in the world, and perhaps more than half of humanity, may face some or all of their jobs being replaced.
“Comparing human and machine intelligence is like we have a horse and a car to compare who can run faster.” Jerry Kaplan said, but worrying about artificial intelligence in the future will lead to complete human unemployment is unnecessary. , When people use search engines, artificial intelligence can quickly give the answers and conclusions they need. Reading a large number of websites and book information in a short period of time is impossible for any one person. But this does not mean that when the search engine completes this work, humans are incompetent, it only shows that humans and machines have their own strengths.
Indeed, in many places, such as stock exchanges, farms, there are already a large number of Robots. Jerry Kaplan believes it’s not because they’re smart, but because they cost less, produce more efficiently, produce better quality products, and don’t make mistakes. But artificial intelligence only “works” according to human settings and automated procedures, so to be precise, more and more work is done by humans and artificial intelligence together.
What kinds of jobs will be quickly replaced by robots or artificial intelligence? Jerry Kaplan believes that some low-skilled, monotonous, repetitive jobs will soon be replaced by artificial intelligence. However, some work environments are complex, and solutions need to be proposed in real time and quickly adapt to social changes. Such work is safe.
Finding self-worth in human-computer symbiosis
Jerry Kaplan also proposed how to build a new ecology suitable for human-machine symbiosis in his “Artificial Intelligence Age”: In this ecology, when robots commit crimes, we know how to punish them, and how to make them Stay out of the way and not be involved; in this ecology, our enterprises, education and individuals know how to build a beneficial green closed loop to help nearly half of the unemployed get re-employed; in this ecology, we know the role of enterprises in society. What kind of choices will the form, competition mechanism and even the social insurance system face, and what should be done to make the social economy run well.
In the next 10 years, Jerry Kaplan believes that the most important challenge for human beings to deal with artificial intelligence should be in the transformation of the labor force and the distribution of wealth in the whole society, which will greatly affect the stability of society.
The unemployed labor force generated by technical unemployment cannot be well settled, and it will also cause serious social problems. Whether it is the Chinese government or the U.S. government, the two countries not only need to improve the entire education system, but also need to provide more and more vocational skills-based training for the society to settle these unemployed people and some who are unable to find employment due to technical unemployment. crowd.
Are we optimistic or not optimistic about the future? Kai-Fu Lee thinks it may be 50% to 50%. 50% strongly agree with Professor Kaplan that AI generates greater economic value and frees us from repetitive tasks to do things we are more interested in and gifted with.
On the other hand, he is also very worried that nowadays young people who have grown up in a virtual society will find it difficult to find a job, and their golden jobs are no longer there. When it is too difficult to become a top painter or reporter, they may choose to lie on the sofa and play. VR games, this may be the bad ending facing humanity.
Therefore, Kai-Fu Lee proposed that education methods should also adapt to the era of artificial intelligence. In the past, parents expected their children to find a stable job, and these jobs were often repetitive work. If you continue to teach children like this, you will actually harm children, because repetitive work is the fastest to be replaced.
In order to usher in the golden age of artificial intelligence, Jerry Kaplan suggested that decision-makers should consider how to face these challenges when designing economic and social policies, so that all mankind can truly enjoy the splendor of the era of artificial intelligence. Light. Ultimately, in the new ecology, what robots do will be what robots should do, and human values have their own destination.
(China Times)
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